Combinatory Rehabilitation Used for Substantially Helping Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury

Inclusion Criteria: * Age between 18-65 to control for age related brain changes * Diagnosis of moderate-to-severe TBI based on TBIMS criteria at least one year prior to enrollment * Having no to low substance use / involvement (drug/alcohol) as documented via ASSIST * Being insufficiently physically active based on a Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire Health Contribution Score of \<14 * Having a proficiency in the English language * Being right handed to control for brain organization * Having chronic medical conditions (e.g. diabetes) in addition to TBI will require approval to participate from a physician, consistent with PAR-Q+. * Having an in-tact ability to follow directions based on the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-M) (i.e., TICS-M scores of ≥18) * Demonstrating new learning and memory impairment based on Open-Trial Selective Reminding Task (OT-SRT) scores at least 1.5 standard deviations below healthy controls (8+ trials to reach criterion) Exclusion Criteria: * Regularly taking steroids \& benzodiazapines to control for medications effects * Having a history of neurological disorders beyond TBI * Having a history of severe mental illness (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar, severe major depression) * Having metal in the body, claustrophobia, and other risk factors that would make MRI scanning unsafe. * Having moderate or high risk for exercise training contraindications (e.g. diabetes), defined as ≥1 YES on pages 2-3 of the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+) * Having significantly impaired vision by scotomas (corrected vision in worse eye worse than 20/60), diplopia, or nystagmus.