Fractional Flow Reserve-guided Stenting Versus Medical Therapy in Atherosclerosis Renal Artery Stenosis

Inclusion Criteria: * With recorded hypertension, AND the blood pressure is not controlled (daytime mean SBP ≥135 mmHg and/or DBP ≥85 mmHg based on ABPM) on 2 or more classes of anti-hypertensive drugs; * Evidence of renal artery stenosis and undergoing renal artery angiography; * Able to follow the study protocol and provide informed consent; * Renal artery angiography shows at least 1 main artery with stenosis of 50%-90%, AND the diameter is ≥ 4.0mm. Exclusion Criteria: * SBP ≥200mmHg and/or DBP ≥120mmHg at the day or randomization; * Fibromuscular dysplasia or other non-atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis; * Pregnancy or unknown pregnancy status in female of childbearing potential; * Participation in any drug or device trial during the study period; * Any stroke/TIA, OR with ≥70% stenosis of carotid artery; * Any major surgery, myocardial infarction or interventional therapy 30 days prior to study entry; * LVEF \<30%; * Comorbidity condition causing life expectancy ≤1 year; * Allergy to contrast or any of the following: aspirin, clopidogrel; * Previous kidney transplant; * Previous renal artery bypass surgery or stent intervention; * Kidney size less than 8 cm measured by ultrasound; * Local lab serum Cr \>3.0 mg/dl (265.2μmol/l) on the day of randomization; * Reference vessel size \<4 mm or \>8 mm.