Monitoring Lupus Nephritis Through Urinary Extracellular Vesicles

SLE patients with kidney involvement Inclusion criteria: * \> 18 years old * Fulfilling the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria * Positive autoantibodies, medical history and obejctive examination compatible with SLE * Referred to kidney biopsy Exclusion criteria: * Lack of ability or willingness to provide informed consent * Significant comorbidity, which is considered to potentially impact the outcome SLE patients with no sign of kidney disease Inclusion criteria: * \> 18 years old * Fulfilling the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria * Positive autoantibodies, medical history and obejctive examination compatible with SLE * Normal plasma creatinine * Urine albumine/creatinine \< 100 mg/g Exclusion criteria: * Lack of ability or willingness to provide informed consent * Significant comorbidity, which is considered to potentially impact the outcome Healthy controls: Inclusion criteria: * \> 18 years old * No known kidney disease Exclusion criteria: * Lack of ability or willingness to provide informed consent * Urine albumin-creatinine ratio \> 100 mg/g or proteinuria \> 100 mg/day * Postive autoantibodies * Significant comorbidity, which is considered to potentially impact the outcome Biopsy control: Inclusion criteria: * \> 18 years old * Negative autoantibiodies and immunoglobulines * Referred to kidney biopsy Exclusion criteria: * Lack of ability or willingness to provide informed consent * Significant comorbidity, which is considered to potentially impact the outcome