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End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a condition in which the filtration function of the kidneys has deteriorated, necessitating dialysis or transplantation. With an aging population, the number of patients undergoing dialysis for CKD is constantly increasing. There are different types of dialysis treatment: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis involves exchanges between blood and a dialysate (a liquid used to purify blood) via a dialyzer (artificial filter), coordinated by a generator. This method requires a vascular approach, of which there are 3 types: the arteriovenous fistula (AVF), the arteriovenous graft and the central venous catheter. The AVF remains the vascular access of choice for hemodialysis sessions, and its preservation is an essential objective for patients with CKD. One of the major challenges for AVFs is to achieve a successful puncture, an act performed
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