Raman Spectroscopy Diagnosis of Kidney Diseases

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age 18 years or older; 2. Patients diagnosed with IgA nephropathy, idiopathic membranous nephrop, diabetic nephropathy, or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis confirmed by renal biopsy; 3. Patients who have not received hormone and/or immunosup therapy before the renal biopsy; Exclusion Criteria: 1. Presence of factors causing secondary membranous nephropathy: such as autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus),/infections (viral hepatitis), drugs or toxins, etc.; 2. Severe infection: clinical manifestations such as fever, cough and sputum, throat, abdominal pain, diarrhea, boils and other skin and soft tissue infections, with white blood cell count in blood routine exceeding the normal range (10×09/L); 3. Severe cardiovascular disease: including chronic heart failure of grade 3 or above and various arrhythmias; 4. Infect diseases: active phase of various types of hepatitis, AIDS, syphilis, etc.; 5. Evidence of tumor: already diagnosed with a certain tumor or manifestations, tumor markers, etc. indicating the possibility of a tumor; 6. Patients with incomplete data or missed diagnosis.