A Study to Understand How Cardiac Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury Develops in Participants Who Undergo Heart Surgery With the Use of Heart-lung Machine

Inclusion Criteria: * Participant must be at least 18 years of age at the time of signing the informed consent form (ICF). * Participants who are scheduled for hospital admission for any of the following cardiovascular surgery interventions, alone or in combination, involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB): * Aortic, mitral, or tricuspid valve surgery (repair or replacement) * Aortic surgery * ≥3 coronary artery bypass grafts * Participant with: chronic kidney disease (CKD): 30 ≤ estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \< 90 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 Exclusion Criteria: * Emergency surgery situation * Anemia - hemoglobin \<10 g/dL * Clinical signs of systemic infection or other infection requiring anti-infective treatment (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic; single-dose prophylaxis allowed) * Systemic immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory treatment including corticosteroids \>10 mg prednisolone equivalent/day * Any anti-cancer treatment within 3 months (e.g. immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) * Major surgery within 2 months * AKI within the last month * Prior renal transplants or RRT * Planned use of contrast media within 5 days prior to surgery or during surgery * Patient included in an interventional clinical trial involving a pharmacological intervention * Any reason that would make participation unadvisable, at the discretion of the investigator. * Autoimmune disorders such as anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic rheumatic heart diseases, acute rheumatic heart pericarditis, endocarditis, myocarditis, rheumatic mitral valve diseases, rheumatic aortic valve diseases