Study on the Optimization of the Diagnostic Process for Chronic Rhinitis Using Nasal Allergen Provocation Test

Inclusion Criteria: AR patients: * Aged 18-75 years; * patients who visited the Department of Otorhinolaryngology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical Uncversity and were willing to undergo nasal provocation test; 3.Ptients who are willing to provide specimens for free to promote the study of the diagnostic efficacy of nasal provocation. Healthy volunteers: * Aged 18-75 years; * Did not have any nasal symptoms and tested negative for allergens Exclusion Criteria: * Acute rhinosinusitis or acute exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis; active phase or symptom exacerbation of allergic diseases (e.g., allergic rhinitis, asthma). * History of severe allergic reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis). * Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or severe cardiopulmonary diseases contraindicating epinephrine use. * Active phase of other severe systemic diseases (e.g., malignancies, autoimmune diseases). * Within 1 week post-vaccination. * Pregnancy, lactation, or preconception period. * Inability to comply with study procedures (particularly children under 5 years old). * Recent nasal surgery (within 2 months), nasal deformities (e.g., choanal atresia, severe nasal septum deviation/perforation), dry/atrophic rhinitis, severe nasal obstruction (e.g., hypertrophic rhinitis, rhinitis medicamentosa), or uncontrolled epistaxis. * Current use of anti-allergy medications, including:Intranasal agents: corticosteroids, antihistamines, decongestants, anticholinergics, sodium cromoglicate;Systemic agents: oral antihistamines, oral/injectable corticosteroids.