Intestinal Preparation in Colonoscopy: Lactulose vs Sodium Phosphate.

Inclusion Criteria: * Indication for Scheduled Colonoscopy: Participants must have a valid clinical indication for undergoing a scheduled colonoscopy, such as part of a colorectal cancer screening program, evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms, or follow-up of previously diagnosed colorectal conditions. * Ability to Provide Informed Consent: Participants must have the physical and mental capacity to understand the nature of the study and voluntarily provide informed consent to participate. Exclusion Criteria: * History of Intestinal Obstruction: Participants with a known or suspected history of intestinal obstruction will be excluded due to the potential risks associated with the administration of bowel preparation agents. * Known Intolerance to Lactulose or Sodium Phosphate: Participants with a known intolerance to lactulose or sodium phosphate will be excluded due to the risk of severe adverse reactions. * Pregnancy and Lactation: Pregnant or breastfeeding women will be excluded due to the lack of safety data on bowel preparation agents in this population. * Interfering Clinical Conditions (Comorbidities): Participants with medical conditions that could interfere with study participation or affect the interpretation of results will be excluded, such as decompensated heart failure, chronic renal or liver disease, and a history of colonic resection.