Real-world Study Evaluating the Long-term Outcomes of Pegylated Interferon α-2b Treatment in the Families With Clusters of HBV Infection and Unfavorable Prognosis - A Prospective, Controlled, Multicenter, Cohort Study

Inclusion Criteria: * Meet the criteria for a family cluster of unfavorable prognoses associated with HBV infection: that is, patients with HBV infection in two consecutive generations of blood relatives, and at least one patient with cirrhosis or HCC in two or more generations of blood relatives; * Chronic HBV-infected individuals from families with unfavorable prognoses clustering (meeting either (1)+(2) or (1)+(3) criteria): (1) Positive for HBsAg for more than 6 months; (2) Treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs); (3) Compensated cirrhosis due to hepatitis B (for details, see the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (2022 Edition)"); * A negative pregnancy test within 24 hours before the first administration of medication in the treatment group (for women of childbearing age); * No contraindications for interferon treatment. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed with liver cancer or other systemic tumors before treatment; * Patients with contraindications to Peg IFN α-2b use (for details, see the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (2022 Edition)"); * Peripheral blood counts: WBC \< 3.0 × 10\^9/L, PLT \< 70 × 10\^9/L; * Liver function: ALT \> 5 × upper limit of normal (ULN), TBIL \> 2 × ULN; Individuals planning to receive organ transplantation or who have already undergone organ transplantation; * Those allergic to interferon or with any contraindication listed in the product information; * Any other conditions deemed unsuitable for enrollment by the investigator.