Tissue Engineered Cartilage to Repairing Articular Cartilage Defects

Inclusion Criteria: 1. The patients' age ranges from 18 to 65 years old, and gender is not restricted; 2. The imaging results show that the epiphyseal growth is mature; 3. The defects or localized injuries of joint cartilage caused by trauma or other reasons; 4. The injured area is the distal weight-bearing surface of the femoral condyle of the knee joint, with no more than 4 lesions, and there is no injury to the cruciate ligaments; 5. The patients voluntarily sign and provide a written informed consent form and are willing to closely cooperate with the doctor's strict postoperative rehabilitation program. Exclusion Criteria: 1. The patient is extremely overweight, with a body mass index greater than 35; 2. The lower limb alignment is valgus by more than 10° and varus by more than 5°; 3. Multiple ligament injuries; 4. There are numerous bad habits such as heavy smoking, drug abuse, and excessive alcohol consumption; 5. Has undergone open knee joint surgery within the past six months; 6. Has severe joint stiffness or fibrosis; 7. Has an allergic constitution or a history of allergic reactions to collagen; 8. Has mental abnormalities; 9. Cannot or is unwilling to undergo rehabilitation training; 10. Has primary cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, endocrine and metabolic disorders, or other serious diseases that affect their daily life, such as tumors or AIDS; 11. Pregnant or lactating women, or those planning to conceive during the trial period; 12. Other acute or chronic diseases, for which the researchers consider surgery to be inappropriate.