Effects of Environmental Fungal Exposure on Bronchial Asthma, ABPA and Bronchiectasis

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age range of 18-80 years old (including 18 and 80 years old), gender and race are not limited; 2. No history of asthma, ABPA, or other chronic respiratory diseases. 3. No history of allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, eczema, or food allergies. 4. Pulmonary function is normal or close to the normal range. 5. Laboratory testing: 1\. Blood routine: High sensitivity C-reactive protein, white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes are all within the normal range. Allergen testing: IgE levels for common allergens such as dust mites, cat hair, dog hair, cockroaches, mold, and pollen are normal or close to the normal range. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Suffering from bronchial asthma ABPA、 Bronchiectasis or other respiratory diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, active pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, lung cancer, pneumothorax, hemoptysis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, interstitial lung disease, etc; 2. Cancer patients who suffer from serious other systemic diseases, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertensive crisis or refractory hypertension, severe arrhythmia, heart failure, aortic aneurysm, liver failure, renal failure, hematological disorders, etc., and have recently been discovered or are currently receiving treatment; 3. Four weeks prior to enrollment, systemic use of antibiotics, antifungal drugs, immunosuppressants, cytotoxic agents, hormones, etc; 4. Other individuals with contraindications for induced sputum testing: