The Efficacy and Safety of the Supraglottic Oxygenation Via Nasotracheal Intubation for Deep Sedation Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy

Inclusion Criteria: * Undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy under deep sedation. * Written informed consent obtained from the patient or their legal representative. * Clear understanding of, and voluntary participation in, the study, with informed-consent form signed by the patient or their legal representative. Exclusion Criteria: * Age \< 18 years * BMI \> 30 kg/m² * Previous history of abnormal recovery from anesthesia/surgery * History of recurrent epistaxis, nasal bone fracture, nasal polyps, or sinus surgery * Chronic use of opioid analgesics, benzodiazepine hypnotics, or antidepressant medications * Known allergy to any of the anesthetic agents employed * Anticipated difficult airway * Increased intracranial pressure * Active upper-respiratory-tract infection of the oral, nasal, or pharyngeal regions * Severe cardiac insufficiency (functional capacity \< 4 METs) * Severe renal failure requiring dialysis prior to surgery * Pre-operative oxygen saturation on room air \< 92 % * Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, renders the patient unsuitable for participation in this trial