Effectiveness and Implementation of a National Guideline for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections to Reduce Antibiotic Prescribing in Swiss Primary Care

Inclusion criteria for quality circles (QCs) * Willing to participate in a study mainly conducted in French * Agreeing to participate in evaluation surveys Exclusion criteria for QCs\* \- Not having any physician included in the study Inclusion criteria for walk-in clinics * The clinic offers general practice/primary care medicine consultations, including emergencies * The clinic includes at least five physicians * The clinic has an "Admission to practice charged to Swiss compulsory health insurance" * The clinic plans to still be active in April 2026 * Located in one of the following cantons: Vaud, Geneva, Valais, Fribourg, Jura, Neuchatel, Bern, Ticino. * Serving mainly adult patients * Willing to participate in the study Physicians in QCs fulfilling all of the following inclusion criteria are eligible for the study: * Registered primary care physicians * Specialist title in general internal medicine or practicing physician. * Practicing in one of the following cantons: Vaud, Geneva, Valais, Fribourg, Jura, Neuchatel, Bern, Ticino. * Participating in a QC or working in an outpatient clinic participating in the study\*. * Willing to participate in a study mainly conducted in French. * Agreeing to participate in evaluation surveys and agreeing to be invited to interviews Eligibility criteria for physicians in clinics : \- Having a clinical activity as primary care physician or supervising clinical activity of physicians in post-graduate training within a clinic included in the study The only exclusion criterion for physicians is planning to retire before April 2026. \*Note: not all physicians from a QC or a clinic are expected or required to participate individually in the study, but at least one should participate.