Biomarkers Study in Infants With Prior Neonatal Brain Injury

Inclusion Criteria: * Child-parent dyads will be recruited to the study. * Children 3-24 months with and without a history of a perinatal brain injury (PBI) will be included in this study. * Children with PBIs will include: * Children diagnosed during the neonatal period with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, * Children born at a premature gestational age (born at less than 32 weeks gestational age). * Children diagnosed with cerebral palsy * Healthy control participants meeting inclusion criteria will include: * healthy infants with no prior neurological (brain disorder) history * For all parents: the only research inclusion criteria is to be the parent or legal guardian of a newborn with perinatal brain injury or healthy control participant. Exclusion Criteria: * Healthy infants to be included in the control group will not have: * a prior history of brain injury * a diagnosis of cerebral palsy * a history of a neurological disorder * prior admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) * Children with chromosomal abnormalities, genetic syndromes and major congenital malformations will be excluded from both the patient groups and the control group. * Parents will have no exclusionary criteria.