💬In plain words
What the trial is, and whether it could suit you
Compared with traditional laparotomy, laparoscopic surgery offers advantages including minimal invasiveness, accelerated patient recovery, and reduced hospital stay. Although postoperative incision pain is generally less severe than that following laparotomy, it remains a notable clinical issue that impedes patient recovery. The majority of patients report incisional discomfort, with approximately 30% to 50% requiring oral analgesics to alleviate pain symptoms. Within the first two days after laparoscopic procedures, most patients experience varying degrees of incisional pain, with peak intensity typically occurring within hours after surgery and gradually subsiding over two to three days. Studies indicate that local infiltration anesthesia at the surgical site significantly ameliorates postoperative incision pain, enhances analgesic efficacy, and shortens recovery time in patients under
Sign in to get the eligibility rules as simple questions to take to your doctor.
📋 Eligibility rules (as published)
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, hernia repair, and appendectomy under general anesthesia;
2. Ages 18 to 64 years old；
3. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I-III；
4. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 15；
5. Patients must be able to understand the nature and potential personal consequences of the clinical trial, signing of the informed consent form.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. History of chronic pain syndrome of any cause.
2. Patients with heart conduction block (sinus block or atrioventricular block).
3. Patients with unstable coronary artery disease.
4. Patients with gastric ulcer or gastric bleeding.
5. Patients with diabetes and are being treated with insulin.
6. Subjects with coagulation dysfunction (prothrombin time or activated partial thromboplastin time is higher than the normal threshold) or patients who are taking oral anticoagulants for other medical reasons and have not stopped it before surgery, such as warfarin or new anticoagulants rivaroxaban or dabigatran.
7. Patients with abnormal liver function: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \> 2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) or total bilirubin (TBIL) ≥ 1.5×ULN.
8. Patients with renal impairment (serum creatinine \> 176 µmol/L) or receiving dialysis treatment within 28 days before surgery.
9. Patients with a history of diagnosed mental illness or currently taking psychotropic medication.
10. Excessive alcohol or drug abuse, chronic opioid use (more than 2 weeks or 3 days per week for more than 1 month), use of drugs with confirmed or suspected sedative or analgesic effects, or use of any painkiller within 24 h before surgery.
11. Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
12. Extreme body mass index (BMI) (\< 15 or \> 35).
13. Participation in another interventional trial that interferes with the intervention or outcome of this trial.
14. Patients with a history of allergy to local anaesthetics or one of the study drugs.
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