Premedication in Children: a Clinical Trial Comparing Oral Ketamine and Oral Clonidine With Respect to Sedation Level and Opioid Consumption in Pediatrics Undergoing Elective Lower Abdominal Day-case Surgery.

Inclusion Criteria: * Children aged between 3 to 12 years old of both sexes undergoing elective lower abdominal day-case surgery such as: oblique inguinal herniorrhaphy, hypospadias correction and circumcision. * ASA I and II Exclusion Criteria: * Parents refusal. * ASA risk score \>II * Heart, lung, neurological, or central nervous system disorders (hypotension, hypovolemia, severe bradyarrhythmia, atrioventricular block II or III, acute cerebrovascular events, impaired consciousness, respiratory disorders with hypoventilation, myasthenia gravis and central sleep apnea syndrome) * Allergy from the used drugs.