Aqueous Humor and Ocular Tissue Analysis in Glaucoma and Cataract

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years. * Scheduled for cataract surgery (phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation). * Ability to provide written informed consent. * For glaucoma arm: diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with coexisting cataract, and planned combined cataract surgery with glaucoma procedure. * For control arm: cataract without glaucoma and without other significant ocular pathology. Exclusion Criteria: * Age \< 18 years. * Pregnancy or breastfeeding. * Advanced visual impairment in the study eye (visual aquity worse than counting fingers). * Any glaucoma type other than primary open-angle glaucoma (e.g., angle-closure, secondary, neovascular glaucoma). * History of intraocular surgery in the study eye (including glaucoma surgery), vitreoretinal surgery, corneal transplantation, or refractive surgery. * Active or previous uveitis. * Other significant chronic ocular disease in the study eye (other than cataract and POAG in the glaucoma arm). * Inability to comply with study procedures or follow-up visits.