Hydromorphone With Electroacupuncture and Ear Acupoint Pressing for Refractory Cancer Pain

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients who meet the diagnostic criteria for cancer ; 2. Diagnosis of refractory cancer pain; 3. Aged 18 or 80 years; 4. Expected survival period ≥3 months; 5. Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score ≥30 and Quality of Life (QOL) score ≥20; 6. No history of allergy to opioid analgesics; 7. No intellectual or psychiatric disorders; normal comprehension ability,capable of cooperating with pain assessments and questionnaire completion; 8. Provision of signed written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with pain clearly unrelated to the tumor itself; 2. Patients with pain relief after standardized pharmacological treatment; 3. Patients aged under 18 years or over 80 years; 4. Patients with an expected survival of less than 3 months; 5. Patients with a Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score \< 30 or Quality of Life (QOL) score \< 20; 6. Pregnant or lactating women; 7. Patients with intellectual disability, mental or consciousness disturbance, who are unable to assess pain accurately or complete questionnaire surveys; 8. Patients with needle phobia or extreme resistance to acupuncture treatment; 9. Patients with hypersensitivity to Semen Vaccariae (Wang Bu Liu Xing).