Effects of Physical Exercise and a Nutritional Supplement on Body Composition, Metabolic Function, and Overall Health in Adults With a Metabolically Challenging Profile

Inclusion Criteria: Individuals will be eligible to participate in the study if they meet all of the following criteria: 1. Age: Between 50 and 65 years at the time of screening. 2. Weight status (non-obese): Body mass index (BMI) between 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m² (overweight range, without clinical obesity). 3. Metabolically challenged profile (non-obese): Presence of at least two of the following criteria, in addition to the specified BMI range: A) Altered body composition (primary criterion): Body fat percentage ≥ 30% in women or ≥ 25% in men, assessed by DXA. B) Borderline metabolic markers (one or more): * Fasting glucose: 100-125 mg/dL * Triglycerides: ≥ 150 mg/dL * HDL cholesterol: \< 50 mg/dL in women or \< 40 mg/dL in men * LDL cholesterol: ≥ 130 mg/dL C) Sedentary lifestyle: Low or very low physical activity level, defined as ≤ 600 MET·min/week according to the IPAQ questionnaire. 4. Clinical and functional status: * Clinically stable condition, without acute disease or recent decompensation. * Ability to perform moderate-intensity exercise three times per week, according to medical assessment. 5. Previous treatment and lifestyle: * No participation in structured exercise programs (≥ 2 days/week) during the previous 6 months. * No intensive hypocaloric diets or medical weight-loss treatments during the previous 3 months. 6. Administrative and ethical aspects: * Ability to understand study explanations and follow instructions. * Signed informed consent prior to initiation of any study procedures. Exclusion Criteria: Individuals presenting any of the following conditions will be excluded from the study: 1. Clinical obesity or anthropometric extremes: * BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m² (obesity). * Any weight-related or clinical condition that, in the judgment of the principal investigator, contraindicates participation. 2. Relevant or uncontrolled chronic diseases: * Previous diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Moderate or severe cardiovascular disease (e.g., ischemic heart disease, heart failure, uncontrolled clinically significant arrhythmias). * Moderate or severe renal, hepatic, or respiratory disease. * Neurological or musculoskeletal disorders limiting or contraindicating the prescribed exercise program. 3. Pharmacological treatments interfering with energy metabolism or body weight: Current use (or use within the previous 3 months) of: * Weight-loss medications or GLP-1 receptor agonists * Systemic corticosteroids at moderate or high doses * Thyroid hormones at non-replacement doses * Anabolic agents or other drugs significantly affecting body composition 4. Specific prior supplementation: Use of capsaicin, phenylcapsaicin, or other thermogenic or appetite-modulating supplements within the previous 3 months. 5. Functional or cognitive limitations: * Cognitive, psychiatric, or mental health disorders that may impair study comprehension or protocol adherence. * Physical limitations preventing safe participation in exercise. 6. Substance use: * Alcohol consumption at levels considered high risk (\> 20 g/day). * Heavy smoking (\> 10 cigarettes/day), unless deemed clinically stable by the investigator. 7. Other exclusion criteria: * Concurrent participation in another clinical trial or interventional study. * Any other condition that, in the judgment of the principal investigator, may pose additional risk to the participant or significantly interfere with study outcomes.