The Effect of Dormicum-Ketamine Versus Dexmedetomidine on Emergence Delirium During Deep Sedation in Paediatric Burn Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * Age from 3 to 16 years * Both sexes * Patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical -Status I-II * Patients scheduled for elective burn-related procedures (e.g., burn dressing changes or minor interventions) Exclusion Criteria: * Refusal or inability to provide written informed consent from parent or legal guardian * Known allergy or hypersensitivity to any of the study medications (midazolam, ketamine, or dexmedetomidine) * Presence of hepatic dysfunction * Presence of renal dysfunction * Presence of immunological or hematological disorders * History of epilepsy, developmental delay (mental retardation), or neurological deficits * Patients receiving or requiring high doses of inotropes and/or vasopressors intraoperatively or postoperatively * Preoperative hemodynamic instability, defined as uncontrolled hypertension, hypotension, or bradycardia