Manual Versus Autoflow Ventilation During Anesthesia Inductıon in Geriatric Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients aged 65 years and older. * Patients scheduled to undergo elective surgery requiring endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia. * Patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I, II, or III. * Volunteer patients who are willing to participate and provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with severe heart failure or severe pulmonary disease. * Patients with a presence or history of brain tumors or cerebrovascular accidents (CVA/stroke). * Patients with impaired cooperation or cognitive dysfunction (e.g., dementia, delirium, Alzheimer's disease). * Patients with a known history or preoperative prediction of a difficult airway. * Patients with a known allergy to the monitoring sensor materials.