I-scoop vs. C-Mac D-Blade Videolaryngoscope for Airway Management Under Spontaneous Breathing and Analgosedation

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years * Scheduled surgical procedure or intervention under general anesthesia * Capacity to give informed consent (free and independent decision-making capacity) * Willingness to provide written informed consent after comprehensive verbal and written information about study aims, procedures, and risks Exclusion Criteria: * Lack of, or withdrawal of, written informed consent * Lack of capacity to consent or legal guardianship for health-related decisions * Insufficient German language skills for qualified verbal and written informed consent (exclusion to protect patients, since legally valid and substantively meaningful consent is not possible without secured language comprehension) * Pregnancy or breastfeeding * Current opioid therapy or chronic opioid therapy discontinued less than 1 month before the procedure * Known drug or alcohol dependence * Known hypersensitivity or allergy to lidocaine or its excipients (glycerol, propyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate) * Severe psychiatric disorder impairing capacity to consent or to cooperate * Indication for nasal intubation * Non-pain-related limitation of mouth opening to less than 16 mm * Severe comorbidities with particular risk in the context of the study intervention (e.g., unstable cardiac or pulmonary disease, uncontrolled epilepsy) * Participation in another clinical study within the previous 30 days that could influence the present study question