Socio-Cultural Level, Health Literacy, and Parental CT Demand in Paediatric Minor Head Trauma

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age less than 18 years at time of emergency department presentation 2. Presenting complaint of head trauma sustained within the preceding 24 hours 3. Classified as minor head trauma at triage, defined as a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 14 or 15 at initial assessment 4. Accompanied by a parent or legal guardian with capacity to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: 1. GCS score 13 or less at presentation (moderate or severe head injury) 2. Transfer from another medical facility 3. Head trauma sustained more than 24 hours before emergency department presentation 4. Known coagulopathy, anticoagulant therapy, or bleeding disorder 5. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt in situ 6. Previous intracranial neurosurgery 7. Pre-existing neurological disorder affecting GCS interpretation (e.g., cerebral palsy, developmental delay) 8. Clinical suspicion of abusive head trauma (non-accidental injury) identified by the treating physician 9. Concurrent multi-system trauma 10. No accompanying parent or guardian available for consent and socio-cultural assessment