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Hydroponic vs Conventional Spinach Smoothies: Effects on Salivary Nitrate Bioavailability and Blood Pressure

RecruitingNAAges 18 Years - 60 YearsAllUniversity of Plymouth
NCT07665944 on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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In plain words

What the trial is, and whether it could suit you

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether hydroponic spinach (HS) versus conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption effects on salivary nitrate availability and blood pressure in adults. The main questions it aims to answer are: Do hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption salivary nitrate availability responses in adults when consumed in equal volumes? Do hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption blood pressure responses in adults when consumed in equal volumes? Participants will: Consume hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies on two separate study days. Attend two laboratory visits at the university, scheduled within a 1-2 week period. Undergo check-ups and study measurements during each visit

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📋 Eligibility rules (as published)
Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18-60 years * Generally healthy individuals (no diagnosed chronic disease) * Non-smokers and non-vapers * Not currently taking medications known to affect cardiovascular function or nitrate metabolism * Able and willing to provide informed consent * Willing to comply with study procedures and attend both study visits Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of chronic disease (e.g., cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, or respiratory conditions) * Use of pacemakers or implanted medical devices * Pregnant or lactating individuals * Known allergy or intolerance to spinach * History of gastrointestinal disorders or pathology affecting digestion or absorption * Use of nitrate or nitrite supplements * Use of antibiotics within the past 3 weeks * Use of antibacterial mouthwash or oral products within the past 2 weeks * Current participation in another clinical trial or recent participation that may interfere with outcomes
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What it tests

  • Hydroponic spinach smoothie
  • Conventional spinach smoothie
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Where

1 site
University of Plymouth
Plymouth, United Kingdom
🤝 Taking part is your choice, and you can leave at any time. Only the trial team can confirm you are eligible — always decide together with your own doctor.
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