Keloid Pathogenesis And Fibroblast Activation Study

Inclusion Criteria: * Clinically diagnosed with keloid. * Age 18 years or older. * Scheduled to undergo surgical treatment at the study hospital. * Able and willing to provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Severe systemic disease. * History of neurologic disease, alcoholism, postherpetic neuralgia, HIV infection, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, or prior cancer chemotherapy. * Other skin diseases within 5 cm of the keloid lesion, such as eczema. * Systemic treatment within 7 days before enrollment or keloid-specific treatment within 6 weeks before enrollment, including intralesional corticosteroid injection, cryotherapy, topical medication, or silicone gel sheeting. * Hormone or immunosuppressive therapy within 3 months before enrollment. * Pregnancy or breastfeeding. * Considered unsuitable for participation by the investigator. * Refusal to participate in the study.