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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a common and serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and the reconstitution of CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI) plays a key role in viral control. This prospective, exploratory study will enroll 40 adult CMV-seropositive patients who experience their first CMV reactivation after allo-HSCT. CMV-specific T cell levels (IFN-ฮณ-producing T cells stimulated by IE-1 and pp65 antigens) will be measured using ELISPOT at four time points: at diagnosis of CMV viremia, 3 weeks after initiating preemptive therapy, at anti-CMV drug withdrawal, and 4 weeks after treatment discontinuation. Patients will be followed for 12 weeks after stopping treatment. The primary objective is to describe the changes in CMV-specific T cell levels over the therapy. Secondary objectives are to explore the relationship
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