Sentinel Node Identification Using Gamma and Near-Infrared Imaging in TesticulAr MaLignancies

Inclusion Criteria: * Presence of a primary testicular tumor suspicious for a testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) and considered an indication for radical inguinal orchiectomy (orchifuniculectomy); * Male gender; * Maximum diameter of the primary testicular tumor (cT) ≤5 cm; * One of the following clinical nodal and serum tumor marker criteria: * \- cN0 disease with serum tumor markers corresponding to S1 category: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 0-5.8 IU/mL and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) \>2.5 and \<1,000 IU/mL; or * -cN1-cN2 disease, with no more than two radiologically suspicious retroperitoneal lymph nodes, and serum tumor markers corresponding to S0-S1 category; * No evidence of distant metastatic disease (cM0). * Patient refusal to undergo adjuvant anticancer treatment (chemotherapy or radiotherapy) following radical inguinal orchiectomy, or unwillingness/inability to undergo close active surveillance. * Ability to understand the study requirements and provision of written voluntary informed consent prior to participation in the study. Exclusion Criteria: * Maximum diameter of the primary testicular tumor (cT) \>5 cm; * Presence of distant metastatic disease (cM1); * Serum tumor marker levels corresponding to S2-S3 category. * Clinical stage cN1 with ≥2 retroperitoneal lymph nodes suspicious for metastatic involvement; * Clinical stage cN3 disease; * Any previous specific anticancer treatment for a testicular germ cell tumor, including systemic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or prior retroperitoneal surgery for testicular cancer; * Presence of any contraindication to minimally invasive surgery, administration of indocyanine green (ICG), or administration of the technetium-99m (Tc-99m)-labelled radiopharmaceutical used for sentinel lymph node mapping.