Structured Home-Based Exercise and Education for Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 18 years or older * Physician-confirmed diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency * CEAP clinical class C1-C4 * Ability to walk independently * Ability to understand written and verbal instructions and participate in the group education and home-based exercise program * Provision of written informed consent * Symptomatic chronic venous disease affecting at least one lower limb * Clinically stable and medically suitable for light-to-moderate exercise Exclusion Criteria: * Active or healed venous ulcer (CEAP clinical class C5 or C6) * Acute deep vein thrombosis or active thromboembolic disease * Lower-extremity surgery within the previous 3 months * Severe peripheral arterial disease * Uncontrolled cardiac, pulmonary, metabolic, or systemic disease * Neurological, orthopedic, or vestibular disorder that prevents performance of the prescribed exercises or walking tests * Pregnancy * Participation in another regular exercise or rehabilitation program during the study * Severe cognitive, psychiatric, or communication disorder that could prevent adherence to the study protocol * Active lower-extremity infection, cellulitis, or acute superficial vein thrombosis * Coexisting lymphedema or lower-extremity edema primarily attributable to a non-venous cause * Planned venous surgery, endovenous ablation, sclerotherapy, or another venous intervention during the 12-week study period