Olive Oil Before Lung Cancer Surgery to Prevent Chylothorax

Chylothorax is a rare but serious complication after lung cancer surgery and mediastinal lymph node dissection. This multicenter randomized trial will evaluate whether drinking 40 mL of extra-virgin olive oil 4 hours before surgery can reduce the occurrence of chylothorax after curative lung cancer resection. A total of 1,036 adults with resectable lung cancer will be assigned in a 1:1 ratio to preoperative oral olive oil or standard preoperative fasting without additional olive oil. The primary outcome is the occurrence of chylothorax within 30 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes include repeat surgery, postoperative complications, chest drainage, length of chest tube use, length of hospital stay, and the safety and tolerability of the intervention.