Motor Imagery-Assisted Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Stress Urinary Incontinence in Postmenopausal Women

Inclusion Criteria: * Women aged 45 to 60 years. * Natural postmenopause, defined as the absence of menstruation for at least 12 consecutive months without a pathological, pharmacological, or surgical cause. * Physician-diagnosed stress urinary incontinence. * Sufficient cognitive and communication abilities to understand instructions in Turkish and complete the questionnaires and a three-day bladder/leakage diary. * A score of at least 30 on each of the visual and kinesthetic imagery subscales of the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire-20 (KVIQ-20), assessed before randomization. Exclusion Criteria: * Urgency, mixed, overflow, or neurogenic urinary incontinence. * Stage III or IV pelvic organ prolapse according to the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system. * Inability to correctly and voluntarily contract the pelvic floor muscles. * Active urinary tract or vaginal infection, unexplained hematuria, or postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. * Severe vaginal atrophy, vaginismus, genital lesions, or pelvic pain that prevents intravaginal assessment. * Previous surgery for stress urinary incontinence or previous pelvic radiotherapy. * Pelvic floor rehabilitation for urinary incontinence within the previous 12 months. * Neurological or cognitive disorders, or uncontrolled psychiatric illness, that could affect pelvic floor control, continence, or motor imagery ability. * Serious or uncontrolled systemic or musculoskeletal conditions that prevent safe participation in the exercise program. * Changes in hormone therapy within the previous six months or changes in medications affecting urinary system function within the previous three months.