The Association Between Smartphone Overuse and Mechanical Neck Pain Among Galala University Students

Inclusion Criteria: Undergraduate students, who have mechanical neck pain for at least three months and actively used smartphones every day and will be able to safely assume a supine position without severe discomfort. Exclusion Criteria: Undergraduate students with a history of cervical spine surgery, severe neck or shoulder trauma, diagnosed neurological disorders, or any musculoskeletal or cardiorespiratory disease requiring hospital admission in the past year will be excluded to ensure data validity (Elvan et al., 2024). Additionally, students who will be actively using drugs that are known to alter posture or musculoskeletal discomfort (such as sedatives or analgesic medicines) or who will having an acute episode of neck pain on the day of the evaluation will be excluded.