Multi-Evaluation of Dental Abutments With Different Surfaces

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age\>18 years old 2. Systemically healthy patients 3. Presence of edentulous areas in the mandibular or maxillary posterior region 4. Presence of natural teeth in the opposing arch 5. Periodontal health 6. Absence of oral or mucosal disease 7. Presence of bone suitable for implant placement with a minimum diameter of 3.75 mm and height of 8 mm 8. No need for simultaneous augmentation 9. Two-unit splinted implant-supported prosthesis 10. Prosthetic superstructure made of metal-supported porcelain-fused material 11. A healed maxillary or mandibular molar or premolar site (\>3 months) with sufficient bone available for implant placement without the need for bone grafting 12. Not having used any antibiotics in the 6 months immediately preceding the surgery. Exclusion criteria: 1. Being outside the specified age range 2. Systemic disease 3. Patients who have received radiotherapy to the head and neck region 4. Severe bruxism or clenching 5. Patients who smoke more than 10 cigarettes per day 6. Use of drugs that suppress the immune system or impair healing, use of steroids or bisphosphonates 7. Patients with alcohol or substance dependence 8. Patients who do not comply with treatment 9. Pregnancy or breastfeeding 10. Patients with intellectual retardation 11. Untreated periodontal disease 12. Use of any drug or device within the 6 months immediately before surgery 13. Patients with conditions that could complicate surgical procedures/need advanced bone augmentation procedures 14. Allergy to any component of the implant or abutment 15. The need for bone or soft tissue reconstruction at the time of implant placement.