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🗺️ Disease Atlas · Urinary system disorder

urinary bladder cancer

A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the bladder.

🔔 Follow weekly
🧬10907genes / proteins with evidence
💊87drugs and clinical candidates
🧪12+recruiting trials worldwide
✅27phase 3
📈2phase 2/3
🧬

Understand urinary bladder cancer

Cancer · Cells that grow out of control
🎓 Learn more

What it is

Symptoms include:

Blood in your urine

A frequent urge to urinate

From MedlinePlus: Bladder Cancer (US National Library of Medicine) ↗

🧬 Cancer: Cancer is a group of diseases in which some of the body's cells grow and divide without control, and can spread to other parts of the body.

❓ Why it happens

  • Changes (mutations) build up in the genes that tell a cell when to grow, divide and die.
  • Most of these changes happen during life: tobacco, too much sun, alcohol, some infections (such as HPV and hepatitis B and C), radiation, obesity and ageing all raise the risk.
  • Some people inherit a faulty gene that raises their risk, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.

🫀 What it does to the body

  • Cancer cells form a lump (tumour) that can press on or invade nearby organs.
  • They can travel through the blood or lymph to start new tumours elsewhere (metastasis).
  • Blood cancers crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow.

🧱 Why it is hard to cure

  • Every cancer is different, even between two people with the same type - and inside one tumour.
  • Cancer cells keep changing, so they can learn to resist a medicine that worked at first.
  • Cancer cells are the body's own cells, so killing them without harming healthy cells is hard.
  • Many cancers cause no symptoms until they have spread, and a new medicine often takes more than ten years to go from the lab to patients.

🚀 What research is trying now

  • Targeted medicines against the exact gene change in a tumour (for example EGFR, ALK or KRAS).
  • Immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognise cancer, including CAR-T cell therapy.
  • Personalised cancer vaccines built from each tumour's mutations, now in late trials.
  • Blood tests that look for tumour DNA to find cancer earlier, and AI to read scans and slides.

General information about cancer, reviewed by people; it does not describe any one person. Below: the evidence for urinary bladder cancer itself.

🤖

AI briefing

Where the science on urinary bladder cancer stands, from the evidence on this page

AI reads the targets, drugs, trials and papers below and writes where the science stands — every claim cited. It is shared with everyone who opens urinary bladder cancer.

🎯

Top targets

Genes and proteins ranked by Open Targets evidence (0-1)
FGFR3 fibroblast growth factor receptor 3PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.85
RB1 RB transcriptional corepressor 1PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.80
HRAS HRas proto-oncogene, GTPasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.79
TP53 tumor protein p53PROTACothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.78
ARID1A AT-rich interaction domain 1APROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.76
KDM6A lysine demethylase 6APROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.76
KRAS KRas proto-oncogene, GTPasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.75
ERBB2 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.75
PIK3CA phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alphaPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.74
ERCC2 ERCC excision repair 2, TFIIH core complex helicase subunitPROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.74
ERBB3 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.73
TSC1 TSC complex subunit 1PROTACantibody🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.73
ATM ATM serine/threonine kinasePROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.72
CDKN2A cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.71
TERT telomerase reverse transcriptasePROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.70

Green labels: what the target is known to be druggable by. The score combines genetics, somatic mutations, drugs, expression and literature.

💊

Drugs and candidates

Every medicine linked to urinary bladder cancer, by how far it has got
In phase 2 / 3 · 20
ApaziquonePhase 3
AtezolizumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitorPhase 3
Bcg LivePhase 3
Bcg VaccinePhase 3
BempegaldesleukinPhase 3
CarboplatinPhase 3
Show all 20
CisplatinPhase 3
DoxorubicinDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
DurvalumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitorPhase 3
EflornithineOrnithine decarboxylase inhibitorPhase 3
Enfortumab VedotinNectin-4 binding agent; Tubulin inhibitorPhase 3
Epirubicin HydrochloridePhase 3
ErdafitinibFibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitorPhase 3
FluorouracilThymidylate synthase inhibitorPhase 3
GemcitabineRibonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1 inhibitor; DNA polymerase (alpha/delta/epsilon) …Phase 3
InfigratinibFibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitorPhase 3
Keyhole Limpet HemocyaninPhase 3
MethotrexateDihydrofolate reductase inhibitorPhase 3
MitomycinPhase 3
NivolumabProgrammed cell death protein 1 inhibitorPhase 3
Early trials · 20
Ascorbic AcidPhase 1/2
BelinostatHistone deacetylase inhibitorPhase 1/2
CatumaxomabT cell surface glycoprotein CD3 cross-linking agent; Epithelial cell adhesion molecule cr…Phase 1/2
Eribulin MesylateTubulin inhibitorPhase 1/2
FilgrastimGranulocyte colony stimulating factor receptor agonistPhase 1/2
IfosfamidePhase 1/2
Show all 20
InbakiceptPhase 1/2
Intismeran AutogenePhase 1/2
Nogapendekin AlfaPhase 1/2
PemvidutidePhase 1/2
Porfimer SodiumPhase 1/2
TinengotinibPhase 1/2
VinflunineTubulin inhibitorPhase 1/2
AdavosertibSerine/threonine-protein kinase WEE1 inhibitorPhase 1
CelecoxibCyclooxygenase-2 inhibitorPhase 1
Cretostimogene GrenadenorepvecPhase 1
DanvatirsenSTAT-3 mRNA 3'UTR antisense inhibitorPhase 1
EnzalutamideAndrogen Receptor antagonistPhase 1
FexagratinibFibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitorPhase 1
GebasaxturevPhase 1
🧪

Recruiting trials

Worldwide, open to new patients now
A Study to Find Out if Enfortumab Vedotin Given With Pembrolizumab Helps People With Muscle-invasive Bladder …NCT07475806 · Phase 2 · 📍 Little RockTrop2-targeted immunoPET Imaging of Solid TumorsNCT06851663 · Phase 2, Phase 3 · 📍 ShanghaiFlyte Device for Improving Urinary Incontinence Among Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Survivors Who Have Unde…NCT07662824 · NA · 📍 RochesterPreoperative Detection of Muscle Invasion in Bladder Cancer with Contrast-enhanced UltrasonographyNCT05204108 · n/a · 📍 GuangzhouThe Global En Bloc Resection of Bladder Tumour RegistryNCT04934540 · n/a · 📍 Hong KongExploration of Novel AI-enabled Blue Light Enhanced CystoscopyNCT07144319 · n/a · 📍 TampaStudying the Relationship of Patient Positioning and Intravesical Bacillus Calmette Guerin Dwell Time to Impr…NCT07474519 · Phase 4 · 📍 ColumbusUrinary Microbiome Differences in Bladder Cancer, Benign Urinary Diseases and Healthy Counterparts in Adult M…NCT06992986 · n/a · 📍 RomeEn-bloc Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (En-bloc TURBT) Specimens Using a Redesigned Surgical Resect…NCT04235764 · n/a · 📍 BethesdaOutcomes of High-risk Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated With Blue Light ResectionNCT06525571 · Phase 3 · 📍 Washington D.C.Randomized Trial of stAndard of Care With or Without Metastases-directed Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy …NCT07413523 · NA · 📍 RozzanoA Clinical Study of MK-3120 in People With Bladder Cancer (MK-3120-003)NCT07222488 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 Bakersfield Search more trials →
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