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🗺️ Disease Atlas · Reproductive system or breast disease

estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer

A subtype of breast cancer that is estrogen-receptor positive

🔔 Follow weekly
🧬323genes / proteins with evidence
💊35drugs and clinical candidates
🧪12+recruiting trials worldwide
✅6phase 3
📈18phase 2
🧬

Understand estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer

Cancer · Cells that grow out of control
🎓 Learn more

What it is

Breast cancer is a cancer that starts in breast tissue. It happens when cells in the breast change and grow out of control. New cells grow even when you don't need them, and old cells don't die when they should. These extra cells can form a mass called a tumor.

Sometimes the cancer does not spread any further. This is called "in situ." If the cancer spreads outside the breast, the cancer is called "invasive." It may just spread to nearby tissues and lymph nodes. Or the cancer may metastasize (spread to other parts of the body) through the lymph system or the blood.

Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women in the United States. Rarely, it can also affect men.

From MedlinePlus: Breast Cancer (US National Library of Medicine) ↗

🧬 Cancer: Cancer is a group of diseases in which some of the body's cells grow and divide without control, and can spread to other parts of the body.

❓ Why it happens

  • Changes (mutations) build up in the genes that tell a cell when to grow, divide and die.
  • Most of these changes happen during life: tobacco, too much sun, alcohol, some infections (such as HPV and hepatitis B and C), radiation, obesity and ageing all raise the risk.
  • Some people inherit a faulty gene that raises their risk, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.

🫀 What it does to the body

  • Cancer cells form a lump (tumour) that can press on or invade nearby organs.
  • They can travel through the blood or lymph to start new tumours elsewhere (metastasis).
  • Blood cancers crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow.

🧱 Why it is hard to cure

  • Every cancer is different, even between two people with the same type - and inside one tumour.
  • Cancer cells keep changing, so they can learn to resist a medicine that worked at first.
  • Cancer cells are the body's own cells, so killing them without harming healthy cells is hard.
  • Many cancers cause no symptoms until they have spread, and a new medicine often takes more than ten years to go from the lab to patients.

🚀 What research is trying now

  • Targeted medicines against the exact gene change in a tumour (for example EGFR, ALK or KRAS).
  • Immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognise cancer, including CAR-T cell therapy.
  • Personalised cancer vaccines built from each tumour's mutations, now in late trials.
  • Blood tests that look for tumour DNA to find cancer earlier, and AI to read scans and slides.

General information about cancer, reviewed by people; it does not describe any one person. Below: the evidence for estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer itself.

🤖

AI briefing

Where the science on estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer stands, from the evidence on this page

AI reads the targets, drugs, trials and papers below and writes where the science stands — every claim cited. It is shared with everyone who opens estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer.

🎯

Top targets

Genes and proteins ranked by Open Targets evidence (0-1)
TOX3 TOX high mobility group box family member 3PROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.52
CHEK2 checkpoint kinase 2PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.51
FGFR2 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.50
FTO FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenasePROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.46
PALB2 partner and localizer of BRCA2PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.45
ESR1 estrogen receptor 1PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.44
EXO1 exonuclease 1PROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.43
TRPS1 transcriptional repressor GATA binding 1PROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.41
ZMIZ1 zinc finger MIZ-type containing 1PROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.41
PRC1 protein regulator of cytokinesis 1PROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.40
SIAH2 siah E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2PROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.38
MRPS30 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S30PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.37
MCM8 minichromosome maintenance 8 homologous recombination repair factorPROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.35
MLLT10 MLLT10 histone lysine methyltransferase DOT1L cofactorPROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.35
CYP19A1 cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1PROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.35

Green labels: what the target is known to be druggable by. The score combines genetics, somatic mutations, drugs, expression and literature.

💊

Drugs and candidates

Every medicine linked to estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer, by how far it has got
In phase 2 / 3 · 20
CyclophosphamidePhase 3
DocetaxelTubulin inhibitorPhase 3
LetrozoleCytochrome P450 19A1 inhibitorPhase 3
PalbociclibCDK6/cyclin D1 inhibitor; Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/cyclin D1 inhibitorPhase 3
TamoxifenEstrogen receptor alpha modulatorPhase 3
VepdegestrantPhase 3
Show all 20
AfimoxifeneEstrogen receptor modulator; Estrogen-related receptor gamma antagonistPhase 2
AmcenestrantEstrogen receptor alpha degraderPhase 2
AnastrozoleCytochrome P450 19A1 inhibitorPhase 2
CapecitabineThymidylate synthase inhibitorPhase 2
CrizotinibHepatocyte growth factor receptor inhibitor; ALK tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitorPhase 2
DalotuzumabInsulin-like growth factor I receptor antagonistPhase 2
DoxycyclineMatrix metalloproteinase 7 inhibitor; Matrix metalloproteinase 8 inhibitorPhase 2
EndoxifenPhase 2
EnzalutamideAndrogen Receptor antagonistPhase 2
FulvestrantEstrogen receptor alpha antagonist; Estrogen receptor degraderPhase 2
GiredestrantEstrogen receptor alpha degraderPhase 2
GoserelinGonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor agonistPhase 2
Goserelin AcetateGonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor agonistPhase 2
Leuprolide AcetateGonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor agonistPhase 2
Early trials · 10
AbemaciclibCyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor; Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 inhibitorPhase 1/2
AlpelisibPI3-kinase p110-alpha subunit inhibitorPhase 1/2
EstetrolEstrogen receptor agonistPhase 1/2
EverolimusFK506-binding protein 1A inhibitorPhase 1/2
SeviteronelCytochrome P450 17A1 inhibitor; Androgen Receptor antagonistPhase 1/2
AlobresibPhase 1
Show all 10
ExemestaneCytochrome P450 19A1 inhibitorPhase 1
MolibresibBromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) inhibitorPhase 1
OlaparibPARP 1, 2 and 3 inhibitorPhase 1
RosiglitazonePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonistPhase 1
🧪

Recruiting trials

Worldwide, open to new patients now
Brain [18F]-FES PET/CT in Patients With Estrogen-Receptor Positive Breast CancerNCT06072807 · Phase 4 · 📍 New YorkA Study to Learn About the Study Medicine Called PF-08032562 in People With Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumo…NCT07318805 · Phase 1 · 📍 DuarteDATO-BASE: DATOpotamab-deruxtecan for Breast Cancer Brain metAstaSEsNCT06176261 · Phase 2 · 📍 MiamiA Trial of Early Detection of Molecular Relapse With Circulating Tumour DNA Tracking and Treatment With Palbo…NCT04985266 · Phase 2 · 📍 AngersECLECTIC: EstroTEP and Circulating Biomarkers for ER-positive HER2-negative Metastatic Breast Cancer PatientsNCT06195709 · Phase 3 · 📍 BayonneNeoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy Versus Chemotherapy in Premenopausal Patients With ER+ & HER2- Breast CancerNCT02535221 · Phase 3 · 📍 BeijingA Study to Evaluate the Effect of GDC-4198 Alone and in Combination With Giredestrant Versus Abemaciclib and …NCT07100106 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 HuntsvilleKetorolac and Pregabalin Effects on breaSt Cancer (KePreSt)NCT06150898 · Phase 2 · 📍 BrusselsLenvatinib+Letrozole Versus Fulvestrant in Metastatic ER+/HER2- Breast Cancer, Post Progression on Al + CDK4/…NCT05181033 · Phase 2 · 📍 SingaporeCDK4/6 Inhibitors Intensification for Chemotherapy Omission in Small Size High-risk ER-positive Breast Cancer…NCT07432178 · Phase 3 · 📍 ShanghaiA Phase Ib/II Study to Evaluate Multiple Combination Therapies of FWD1802 in Patients With ER+/HER2- BCNCT07002177 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 ShanghaiA Study to Learn About the Study Medicine Called PF-07248144 in Combination With Fulvestrant in People With H…NCT07062965 · Phase 3 · 📍 Anchorage Search more trials →
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