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🗺️ Disease Atlas · Genetic, familial or congenital disease

chronic myeloid leukemia

A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the expression of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. It presents with neutrophilic leukocytosis. It can appear at any age, but it mostly affects middle aged and older individuals. Patients usually present with fatigue, weight loss, anemia, night sweats, and splenomegaly. If untreated, it follows a biphasic or triphasic natural course; an initial indolent chronic phase wh…

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🧬4461genes / proteins with evidence
💊179drugs and clinical candidates
🧪12+recruiting trials worldwide
✅14approved
📈32phase 3
🧬

Understand chronic myeloid leukemia

Cancer · Cells that grow out of control
🎓 Learn more

What it is

Leukemia is a term for cancers of the blood cells. Leukemia starts in blood-forming tissues such as the bone marrow. Your bone marrow makes the cells which will develop into white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Each type of cell has a different job:

White blood cells help your body fight infection

Red blood cells deliver oxygen from your lungs to your tissues and organs

From MedlinePlus: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (US National Library of Medicine) ↗

🧬 Cancer: Cancer is a group of diseases in which some of the body's cells grow and divide without control, and can spread to other parts of the body.

❓ Why it happens

  • Changes (mutations) build up in the genes that tell a cell when to grow, divide and die.
  • Most of these changes happen during life: tobacco, too much sun, alcohol, some infections (such as HPV and hepatitis B and C), radiation, obesity and ageing all raise the risk.
  • Some people inherit a faulty gene that raises their risk, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.

🫀 What it does to the body

  • Cancer cells form a lump (tumour) that can press on or invade nearby organs.
  • They can travel through the blood or lymph to start new tumours elsewhere (metastasis).
  • Blood cancers crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow.

🧱 Why it is hard to cure

  • Every cancer is different, even between two people with the same type - and inside one tumour.
  • Cancer cells keep changing, so they can learn to resist a medicine that worked at first.
  • Cancer cells are the body's own cells, so killing them without harming healthy cells is hard.
  • Many cancers cause no symptoms until they have spread, and a new medicine often takes more than ten years to go from the lab to patients.

🚀 What research is trying now

  • Targeted medicines against the exact gene change in a tumour (for example EGFR, ALK or KRAS).
  • Immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognise cancer, including CAR-T cell therapy.
  • Personalised cancer vaccines built from each tumour's mutations, now in late trials.
  • Blood tests that look for tumour DNA to find cancer earlier, and AI to read scans and slides.

General information about cancer, reviewed by people; it does not describe any one person. Below: the evidence for chronic myeloid leukemia itself.

🤖

AI briefing

Where the science on chronic myeloid leukemia stands, from the evidence on this page

AI reads the targets, drugs, trials and papers below and writes where the science stands — every claim cited. It is shared with everyone who opens chronic myeloid leukemia.

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🎯

Top targets

Genes and proteins ranked by Open Targets evidence (0-1)
ABL1 ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.84
BCR BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.83
KIT KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.71
SETBP1 SET binding protein 1PROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.68
PDGFRB platelet derived growth factor receptor betaPROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.65
TET2 tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.64
FYN FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.60
LYN LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.60
BLK BLK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.60
SRC SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.59
HCK HCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.59
FGR FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.58
YES1 YES proto-oncogene 1, Src family tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.58
EPHA2 EPH receptor A2PROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.58
LCK LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.58

Green labels: what the target is known to be druggable by. The score combines genetics, somatic mutations, drugs, expression and literature.

💊

Drugs and candidates

Every medicine linked to chronic myeloid leukemia, by how far it has got
Approved · 14
AsciminibTyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Bcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitorApproved
Asciminib HydrochlorideBcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitorApproved
Bosutinib MonohydrateBcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitorApproved
BusulfanApproved
DasatinibBcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitorApproved
Dasatinib AnhydrousTyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta inhib…Approved
Show all 14
HydroxyureaRibonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1 inhibitorApproved
ImatinibTyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta inhib…Approved
Imatinib MesylateTyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta inhib…Approved
Interferon Alfa-2BInterferon alpha/beta receptor agonistApproved
NilotinibTyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Bcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitorApproved
Nilotinib Hydrochloride MonohydrateTyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Bcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitorApproved
PonatinibBcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitorApproved
Ponatinib HydrochlorideBcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitorApproved
In phase 2 / 3 · 20
Antilymphocyte Immunoglobulin (Horse)Phase 3
BosutinibTyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Tyrosine-protein kinase SRC inhibitorPhase 3
CyclophosphamidePhase 3
CytarabineDNA polymerase (alpha/delta/epsilon) inhibitorPhase 3
DactinomycinPhase 3
DaunorubicinDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
Show all 20
DoxorubicinDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
EtoposideDNA topoisomerase II inhibitorPhase 3
FilgrastimGranulocyte colony stimulating factor receptor agonistPhase 3
FludarabinePhase 3
FlumatinibTyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitorPhase 3
IdarubicinDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
InterferonPhase 3
Interferon AlfaPhase 3
Interferon Alfa-2AInterferon alpha/beta receptor agonistPhase 3
MelphalanPhase 3
MercaptopurineAmidophosphoribosyltransferase inhibitorPhase 3
MethotrexateDihydrofolate reductase inhibitorPhase 3
MethylprednisoloneGlucocorticoid receptor agonistPhase 3
MitoxantroneDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
Early trials · 20
At-9283Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Serine/threonine-protein kinase Aurora-A inhibitorPhase 1/2
AtezolizumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitorPhase 1/2
AvelumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 otherPhase 1/2
BendamustinePhase 1/2
DaclizumabInterleukin-2 receptor inhibitorPhase 1/2
Daunorubicin HydrochlorideDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 1/2
Show all 20
EverolimusFK506-binding protein 1A inhibitorPhase 1/2
IcosapentPhase 1/2
Inotuzumab OzogamicinCD22 binding agentPhase 1/2
Interferon Gamma-1BInterferon gamma receptor agonistPhase 1/2
Interleukin-7Phase 1/2
Melk InhibitorPhase 1/2
MotixafortideC-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonistPhase 1/2
Muromonab-Cd3T cell surface glycoprotein CD3 inhibitorPhase 1/2
NavtemadlinTumour suppressor p53/oncoprotein Mdm2 inhibitorPhase 1/2
NeratinibEpidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 inhibitor; Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase erbB-2…Phase 1/2
PaclitaxelTubulin inhibitorPhase 1/2
PaliferminFibroblast growth factor receptor 2 agonistPhase 1/2
PlerixaforC-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 partial agonistPhase 1/2
Pr1 Leukemia Peptide VaccinePhase 1/2
🧪

Recruiting trials

Worldwide, open to new patients now
Chemotherapy (Decitabine in Combination With FLAG-Ida) and Total-Body Irradiation Followed by Donor Stem Cell…NCT06928662 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 SeattleA Phase 2 Study Evaluating Olutasidenib in Patients With IDH1-mutated Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Signif…NCT06566742 · Phase 2 · 📍 MiamiIntestinal Microbiota Transplant Prior to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant (MAST) TrialNCT06355583 · Phase 2 · 📍 BirminghamVenetoclax in Addition to Sequential Conditioning With Fludarabine / Amsacrine / Ara-C (FLAMSA) + Treosulfan …NCT05807932 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 AachenOlutasidenib for the Treatment of Patients With IDH1 Mutated AML, MDS or CMML After Donor Hematopoietic Cell …NCT06543381 · Phase 1 · 📍 DuarteIMM01+Azacitidine VS Placebo +Azacitidine in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (C…NCT06647862 · Phase 3 · 📍 HefeiQ702 for the Treatment of Patients With Hematologic MalignanciesNCT06712810 · Phase 1 · 📍 ScottsdaleCPX-351 in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory High Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome or Chronic Myelom…NCT03896269 · Phase 1 · 📍 HoustonBlinatumomab, Methotrexate, Cytarabine, and Ponatinib in Treating Patients With Philadelphia Chromosome-Posit…NCT03263572 · Phase 2 · 📍 HoustonAllo HSCT Using RIC and PTCy for Hematological DiseasesNCT05805605 · Phase 2 · 📍 MinneapolisThe Prospective Collection, Storage and Reporting of Data on Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Tran…NCT01890486 · n/a · 📍 Winston-SalemAutologous T Cells Transduced With Retroviral Vectors Expressing TCRs for Participant-specific Neoantigens in…NCT06904066 · Phase 1 · 📍 Bethesda Search more trials →
📚

Newest research

Latest papers on PubMed
Expression of TCTP/HRF and MCL-1 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: implications for disease pathogenesis.Mol Biol Rep 2026 · PMID 42927534Sequential Philadelphia-Positive Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia With Distinct BCR::ABL1 Fusion T…Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2026 · PMID 42924531Suspected Abscopal-Pattern Response following Radiotherapy in a Patient Receiving Cemiplimab for Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell…Case Rep Oncol 2026 · PMID 42923471Impact of BCL3 Expression and Clinical-Hematologic Risk Factors on Early Molecular Response, Reticulin Fibrosis, and Survival Out…Clin Ter 2026 · PMID 42922238Ca(2+)-dependent pathways controlled by Piezo1 activity in human erythroid progenitor cell line: focus on KCa3.1 channels, ANO6 l…Cell Commun Signal 2026 · PMID 42919372Real-world outcomes of asciminib versus first- and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors as second-line treatment for chro…Leuk Res 2026 · PMID 42913224A case of lysozyme-induced nephropathy with improved renal function following treatment for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.CEN Case Rep 2026 · PMID 42911308Targeting PRMT5 with indole-based arylsulfonylhydrazides: a novel epigenetic strategy for the treatment of acute and chronic leuk…Am J Cancer Res 2026 · PMID 42908852 Ask a research question in the Hypothesis Lab →
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AI Cure shows public evidence (Open Targets, ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, openFDA, DepMap, AlphaFold) with its source, and AI summaries that cite it — not medical advice and not a cure. Treatment decisions belong with your doctor. Research ideas are shared only with approved researchers and labs, who can test them. In an emergency call your local emergency number (112 in India and Europe, 911 in the US). AI Cure Terms of Use · Privacy