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๐Ÿ—บ๏ธ Disease Atlas ยท Phenotype

asthma

A bronchial disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors resulting in recurring periods of wheezing (a whistling sound while breathing), chest tightness, shortness of breath, mucus production and coughing. The symptoms appear due to a variety of triggers such as allergens, irritants, respiratory infections, wโ€ฆ

๐Ÿ”” Follow weekly
๐Ÿงฌ7772genes / proteins with evidence
๐Ÿ’Š423drugs and clinical candidates
๐Ÿงช12+recruiting trials worldwide
โœ…90approved
๐Ÿ“ˆ1filed for approval
๐Ÿซ

Understand asthma

Lungs and breathing ยท Airways that narrow and swell
๐ŸŽ“ Learn more

What it is

Asthma is a chronic (long-term) lung disease. It affects your airways, the tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. When you have asthma, your airways can become inflamed and narrowed. This can cause wheezing, coughing, and tightness in your chest. When these symptoms get worse than usual, it is called an asthma attack or flare-up.

What causes asthma?

The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Genetics and your environment likely play a role in who gets asthma.

From MedlinePlus: Asthma (US National Library of Medicine) โ†—

๐Ÿซ Lungs and breathing: Chronic lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) damage or inflame the airways and lungs, so breathing becomes hard.

โ“ Why it happens

  • Smoking, air pollution, smoke from cooking with solid fuels, dust and chemicals at work, allergies, infections and genes.

๐Ÿซ€ What it does to the body

  • The airways swell, tighten and fill with mucus, so less air gets in and out.
  • In COPD the tiny air sacs are slowly destroyed, and the damage does not heal.

๐Ÿงฑ Why it is hard to cure

  • Damage in COPD is permanent, and pollution is hard to avoid.
  • Many people are diagnosed late, or not at all.

๐Ÿš€ What research is trying now

  • Biologic medicines for severe asthma, and new ones being tested in COPD.
  • Better inhaled medicines, and research into helping lung tissue repair itself.

General information about lungs and breathing, reviewed by people; it does not describe any one person. Below: the evidence for asthma itself.

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AI briefing

Where the science on asthma stands, from the evidence on this page

AI reads the targets, drugs, trials and papers below and writes where the science stands โ€” every claim cited. It is shared with everyone who opens asthma.

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Top targets

Genes and proteins ranked by Open Targets evidence (0-1)
FLG filaggrinantibody๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.75
IL4R interleukin 4 receptorPROTACantibodyother๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.75
TSLP thymic stromal lymphopoietinantibodysmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.74
ADORA1 adenosine A1 receptorPROTACantibodysmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.73
IL5 interleukin 5PROTACantibody๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.73
IL33 interleukin 33antibody๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.73
IL13 interleukin 13antibodysmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.70
PDE4D phosphodiesterase 4DPROTACantibodysmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.68
NR3C1 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1PROTACothersmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.63
ADRB2 adrenoceptor beta 2PROTACantibodysmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.63
CHRM2 cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2PROTACantibodysmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.63
IGHE immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilonPROTACantibody๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.63
CYSLTR1 cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1PROTACantibodysmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.62
PDE4A phosphodiesterase 4APROTACantibodysmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.62
ADRA2A adrenoceptor alpha 2APROTACantibodyothersmall molecule๐ŸงŠ AlphaFold structure โ†— 0.62

Green labels: what the target is known to be druggable by. The score combines genetics, somatic mutations, drugs, expression and literature.

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Drugs and candidates

Every medicine linked to asthma, by how far it has got
Approved ยท 20
Aclidinium BromideMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 antagonistApproved
AlbuterolBeta-2 adrenergic receptor agonistApproved
Albuterol SulfateBeta-2 adrenergic receptor agonistApproved
AminophyllinePhosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor; Phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitorApproved
BambuterolBeta-2 adrenergic receptor agonistApproved
BeclomethasoneApproved
Show all 20
Beclomethasone DipropionateGlucocorticoid receptor agonistApproved
BenralizumabInterleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha inhibitorApproved
Betamethasone AcetateGlucocorticoid receptor agonistApproved
BitolterolBeta-2 adrenergic receptor agonistApproved
BudesonideGlucocorticoid receptor agonistApproved
ChymotrypsinApproved
CiclesonideGlucocorticoid receptor agonistApproved
CinalukastApproved
Cortisone AcetateGlucocorticoid receptor agonistApproved
CromolynApproved
Cromolyn SodiumApproved
DepemokimabInterleukin-5 inhibitorApproved
DexamethasoneGlucocorticoid receptor agonistApproved
Dexamethasone Sodium PhosphateGlucocorticoid receptor agonistApproved
In phase 2 / 3 ยท 20
ClinprostFiled for approval
AblukastPhase 3
AcetaminophenCyclooxygenase inhibitor; Anandamide amidohydrolase inhibitorPhase 3
AspirinCyclooxygenase inhibitorPhase 3
AtaprostPhase 3
AtreleutonArachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitorPhase 3
Show all 20
AzithromycinBacterial 70S ribosome inhibitorPhase 3
BetamethasoneGlucocorticoid receptor agonistPhase 3
Betamethasone DipropionateGlucocorticoid receptor agonistPhase 3
Betamethasone Sodium PhosphateGlucocorticoid receptor agonistPhase 3
BiotinPhase 3
BroxaterolPhase 3
CarnitinePhase 3
CholecalciferolVitamin D receptor agonistPhase 3
ClarithromycinBacterial 70S ribosome inhibitorPhase 3
ColchicineTubulin inhibitorPhase 3
DesloratadineHistamine H1 receptor antagonistPhase 3
DexpramipexolePhase 3
ErgocalciferolVitamin D receptor agonistPhase 3
FevipiprantG protein-coupled receptor 44 antagonistPhase 3
Early trials ยท 20
AnakinraInterleukin-1 receptor antagonistPhase 1/2
ComekibartPhase 1/2
DesoxyribonucleasePhase 1/2
Gamolenic AcidPhase 1/2
GinkgoPhase 1/2
Lactobacillus AcidophilusPhase 1/2
Show all 20
Linoleic AcidPhase 1/2
LovastatinHMG-CoA reductase inhibitorPhase 1/2
Pyruvate SodiumPhase 1/2
VepalimomabAmine oxidase, copper containing inhibitorPhase 1/2
AdriforantHistamine H4 receptor antagonistPhase 1
Am-211G protein-coupled receptor 44 antagonistPhase 1
Ambroxol AcefyllinatePhase 1
ApocyninPhase 1
Bits-7201APhase 1
CendakimabInterleukin-13 inhibitorPhase 1
CysteaminePhase 1
Grc-6211Vanilloid receptor antagonistPhase 1
Gs 6201Adenosine A2b receptor antagonistPhase 1
Gsk-2239633Phase 1
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Recruiting trials

Worldwide, open to new patients now
Association Between Genetic Polymorphisms and Type 2 Asthma in ChildrenNCT06840717 ยท n/a ยท ๐Ÿ“ GuangzhouAPP-based Medical Device for Education and Training of Inhalation TechniqueNCT07145632 ยท NA ยท ๐Ÿ“ UppsalaTo Assess the Management of Patients on Global Initiative of Asthma (GINA) Step 4 and 5 Treatment in Hong KongNCT04639791 ยท n/a ยท ๐Ÿ“ ShatinImplementation of Asthma Community Home and School Management Program (Asthma CHAMPS)NCT05814510 ยท NA ยท ๐Ÿ“ Baltimore5HTP Regulation Of Asthma In ChildrenNCT04160910 ยท Phase 2 ยท ๐Ÿ“ IndianapolisThe Gut-Lung Axis and Respiratory Illness in ChildrenNCT06271213 ยท n/a ยท ๐Ÿ“ GlasgowRemote Anxiety Management for ICS-resistant Asthma StudyNCT06732141 ยท NA ยท ๐Ÿ“ HarbinPhase 3b Study in Patients With Severe Asthma Treated With TezepelumabNCT07363642 ยท Phase 3 ยท ๐Ÿ“ BeijingCharacterization of Natural Killer Cells in Severe Asthma Patients in Comparison With Control SubjectsNCT06015256 ยท NA ยท ๐Ÿ“ MarseilleMagnesium Trial in Acute Asthma in Emergency DepartmentNCT06785272 ยท Phase 3 ยท ๐Ÿ“ CalgarySoy Isoflavones For Inner City Infants At Risk For Asthma (SIRA) StudyNCT05667701 ยท Phase 2 ยท ๐Ÿ“ ChicagoEffect of CPAP Treatment in Patients With Severe Uncontrolled Asthma: The ASTHMA-SLEEP TrialNCT06314477 ยท NA ยท ๐Ÿ“ Barcelona Search more trials โ†’
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AI Cure shows public evidence (Open Targets, ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, openFDA, DepMap, AlphaFold) with its source, and AI summaries that cite it โ€” not medical advice and not a cure. Treatment decisions belong with your doctor. Research ideas are shared only with approved researchers and labs, who can test them. In an emergency call your local emergency number (112 in India and Europe, 911 in the US). AI Cure Terms of Use ยท Privacy